7年前，在全国人大代表、陕西师大教授屈雅君的推动下，陕西师大在两个校区的新建女厕中各放置3个站式小便器，同时提供站立小便导流器。陕西师大校长认为这种尝试打开了一扇观念的门，女用站式小便器，最大的好处就是节水、节电、节约空间。用冲大便的水量冲小便，这种女性如厕的传统，造成了公厕最致命的浪费。据统计，女性每次平均排300毫升尿液，需要用6升清水去冲洗；男性使用的小便器冲洗一次最多只用3升水。该厕所中使用的小便导流器是退休高级工程师叶甘霖的第三代设计，更安全便携。叶甘霖的想法起源于自身，由于腰椎病，年老后蹲着如厕成为特别困难的事，退休后便萌生了做站立小便导流器的想法。早在1999年，叶甘霖开始在全社会倡议，女性可以通过导流器改变小便方式来解决公厕如厕的不便，既避免个人尴尬又能节约用水。叶甘霖广泛收集国内外站立小便导流器的案例介绍给国人，同时她也鼓励大家自己动手制作导流器，简便易行。

Topic | Female Urinal, More Choice and Less Embarrassment

7 years ago, with the advocation of Professor Qu Yajun, Shannxi Normal University placed 3 female urination devices in their new toilets of two school areas respectively, and provided female urinals for free. The President of the University believed this has opened a new door in people's mind. The biggest benefit for urinating standing up is that it can save water, electricity and space. The traditional way of using toilet by women requires as much water to flush the urine as that to flush the stool. The data show that a woman's average urine is 300 ml. It needs 6 litres of water to flush , while a man's urine only needs 3 litres of water. The 79-year-old retired engineer, Ye Ganlin, is the first one to implement female urinal in China. She had this idea first because she has lumbar spondylosis and can hardly squat to use the toilet. She wanted to produce female urinal after retirement. As early as in 1999, Ye promoted female urinal to solve women's inconvenience in using toilet, which can avoid embarrassment and save water. Ye collected many samples from home and abroad to upgrade her design. Her third generation of urinal is safer and easier to carry. At the same time she encourages women to DIY it as it's easy to make.